Given log_10(x) + log_10(y) = z. Express x explicitly in terms of y and z.

Difficulty: Easy

Correct Answer: 10^z / y

Explanation:


Introduction / Context:
This problem checks your comfort with basic logarithm properties in base 10 (common logs). In particular, it uses the identity log_10(a) + log_10(b) = log_10(a*b). We are asked to isolate x in terms of y and z when the sum of two common logs equals z.


Given Data / Assumptions:

  • log_10(x) + log_10(y) = z
  • All quantities are positive reals with x > 0, y > 0 (required for logarithms).


Concept / Approach:
Combine the sum of logs into a single logarithm, then convert from logarithmic to exponential form to solve for x in terms of y and z.


Step-by-Step Solution:

log_10(x) + log_10(y) = log_10(xy)So, log_10(xy) = zConvert to exponent form: xy = 10^zHence, x = 10^z / y


Verification / Alternative check:
Substitute x = 10^z / y back: log_10(10^z / y) + log_10(y) = (log_10(10^z) − log_10(y)) + log_10(y) = z − log_10(y) + log_10(y) = z ✓.


Why Other Options Are Wrong:

  • z / y and 10 / z ignore exponentiation implied by the log equation.
  • y / 10^z is the reciprocal of the correct expression.


Common Pitfalls:
Forgetting that adding logs multiplies arguments, and that solving for a variable inside a log requires converting to exponent form.


Final Answer:
10^z / y

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