Engine kinematics — definition of stroke In reciprocating I.C. engines, the stroke is defined as the:

Introduction / Context:
Basic engine geometry terms like bore, stroke, and clearance volume are fundamental to understanding displacement, compression ratio, and performance. This item asks for the correct definition of stroke in a reciprocating internal combustion engine.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• T.D.C. means top dead centre of the piston.
• B.D.C. means bottom dead centre of the piston.
• The piston moves linearly between these extremes within the cylinder.

Concept / Approach:
Stroke length is the linear distance the piston travels from T.D.C. to B.D.C. It is one of the two primary dimensions (the other is bore, the internal diameter) that define cylinder swept volume. Neither connecting rod length nor cylinder volume is the correct definition for stroke.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Identify the endpoints of piston motion: T.D.C. and B.D.C.Define stroke as the linear displacement between these positions.Select the option that states 'distance between T.D.C. and B.D.C.'

Verification / Alternative check:
Swept volume can be calculated as V_swept = (pi / 4) * bore^2 * stroke. This relationship shows stroke is a length, not a volume or a diameter.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
'Volume of the cylinder' is not a length. 'Length of the connecting rod' is a separate kinematic parameter. 'Internal diameter of the cylinder' is the bore, not the stroke.

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing bore and stroke; thinking cylinder volume equals swept volume (it also includes clearance); forgetting that T.D.C. and B.D.C. are positions along the same axis of travel.

Final Answer:
distance between T.D.C. and B.D.C.