Automotive safety — function of ABS (Antilock Brake System) Which statement best describes the primary function of ABS during braking?

Introduction / Context:
ABS is a cornerstone of modern automotive safety systems. It modulates brake pressure to prevent wheel lockup, thereby improving vehicle control during emergency braking and on slippery surfaces.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• ABS operates via wheel-speed sensors, control unit, and hydraulic modulators.
• The aim is to keep wheel slip in an optimal range for traction.
• Stopping distance benefits depend on surface; control is the guaranteed benefit.

Concept / Approach:
When a wheel tends to lock, ABS reduces brake pressure momentarily, then reapplies it to maintain rotation. This preserves lateral (cornering) force capability so the driver can steer while braking hard. On loose gravel or fresh snow, ABS may not reduce stopping distance, but it still preserves steering control.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Identify the design objective: prevent lock to maintain steerability.Note that while stopping distance may improve on wet or dry tarmac, it is not guaranteed on all surfaces.Select the option highlighting directional control via preventing wheel lock.

Verification / Alternative check:
Safety testing consistently shows vehicles with ABS remain steerable in panic stops; legislation often mandates ABS as a control aid, not solely a distance reducer.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Stopping distance reduction is conditional; brake fade minimization relates to thermal properties, not ABS logic; nose dive depends on suspension and load transfer, not directly on ABS function.

Common Pitfalls:
Assuming ABS always shortens stopping distance; pumping the brake pedal (ABS already modulates); ignoring tyre condition and road surface effects.

Final Answer:
maintains directional control during braking by preventing the wheels from locking