Truss analysis basics: For a statically determinate simple truss, which methods can be used to determine member forces under given loading?

Introduction / Context:
Determining axial forces in truss members is fundamental in structural analysis and design. Multiple classical methods exist, each with its strengths for different member groups and load cases.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Truss is statically determinate and properly supported.
• Loads are applied at joints; members are two-force members.
• Self-weight and secondary effects are neglected for basic analysis.

Concept / Approach:
The method of joints solves for unknowns by enforcing equilibrium at each joint (ΣFx = 0, ΣFy = 0). The method of sections cuts through the truss and applies global equilibrium (ΣFx, ΣFy, ΣM = 0) to solve selected members efficiently. Graphical methods (Cremona/Maxwell diagrams) provide visual force polygons suitable for hand-drawn solutions and checks.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Decide the analysis scope: all members or a few target members.Pick method: joints for systematic full solution; sections for targeted members; graphical for visual cross-check.All three are valid for statically determinate simple trusses.

Verification / Alternative check:
Solutions obtained by different methods should agree numerically if assumptions are consistent.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Any single method alone is valid but the question asks which can be used; the inclusive answer is “All of the above.”

Common Pitfalls:
Forgetting to check joint solvability order; misreading tension/compression sign; cutting more than three unknowns with method of sections.

Final Answer:
All of the above.