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Cause–Effect reasoning: Identify the relationship between Statement I and Statement II. S1: A large number of primary schools in rural areas are run by only one teacher. S2: There has been a huge dropout from the primary schools in rural areas. Choose the correct cause–effect option.

Difficulty: Easy

Statement I is the cause and Statement II is its effect.
Statement II is the cause and Statement I is its effect.
Both statements I and II are independent causes.
Both statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
Both statements I and II are effects of a common cause.

Correct Answer: Statement I is the cause and Statement II is its effect.

Explanation:

Given data

S1: Many rural primary schools have only one teacher.
S2: Rural primary schools are experiencing huge dropouts.

Concept / Approach Teacher scarcity degrades instructional quality and student support, which plausibly increases dropout rates.

Step-by-step check of options A: Staff shortage ⇒ poorer learning experience ⇒ dropouts. ✔ B: Dropouts causing one-teacher schools is unlikely. ✖ C/D/E: No indication of unrelated causes or a third common cause. ✖

Cause–Effect reasoning: Identify the relationship between Statement I and Statement II. S1: A large number of primary schools in rural areas are run by only one teacher. S2: There has been a huge dropout from the primary schools in rural areas. Choose the correct cause–effect option.

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