Hydraulic brake actuation path — sequence of force transmission When the driver depresses the brake pedal, the correct sequence of components transmitting force to the pads/shoes is:

Introduction / Context:
Modern hydraulic brake systems commonly include a vacuum servo (brake booster) to reduce pedal effort. Understanding the order of components ensures correct diagnostics and system comprehension.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Typical passenger car hydraulic brakes with a vacuum booster.
• Master cylinder converts mechanical input to hydraulic pressure.
• Brake lines convey pressure to calipers/wheel cylinders.

Concept / Approach:
The driver’s foot acts on the pedal, which is mechanically linked to a vacuum servo. The servo multiplies force and directly actuates the master cylinder. The master cylinder pressurizes fluid, sending it through rigid lines and flexible hoses to calipers or wheel cylinders that clamp pads or expand shoes.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Pedal applies input to booster (servo) first.Booster amplifies force into the master cylinder pushrod.Master cylinder generates hydraulic pressure into brake lines.Lines deliver pressure to calipers/shoes at the wheels.

Verification / Alternative check:
Vehicle schematics show pedal linkage entering the booster can, with the master cylinder bolted to the booster’s front face, confirming the physical order.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Options placing the master cylinder before the booster ignore real layout. Starting with brake lines is impossible without pressure. Putting the servo after lines is incorrect.

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing ABS modulator placement (it fits in the hydraulic path but after the master); forgetting that booster aids force, not pressure source.

Final Answer:
brake pedal - vacuum servo mechanism - master cylinder - brake lines - brake pads