When the density difference between two liquid phases is very small (e.g., milk and cream), which separator design is most suitable for achieving effective phase separation?

Difficulty: Easy

Correct Answer: Disc bowl centrifuge

Explanation:


Introduction / Context:
Separating liquid phases with small density contrasts demands high centrifugal fields and short settling distances. Dairy applications are classic examples where disc stack machines excel.


Given Data / Assumptions:

  • Two immiscible liquids with small density difference.
  • Continuous, sanitary operation desirable.
  • Fine droplet separation is required.


Concept / Approach:
Disc bowl (disc stack) centrifuges provide a large effective clarification area with closely spaced conical discs, shortening sedimentation paths under high g-forces. This geometry magnifies separation efficiency for small Δρ systems compared with simple basket centrifuges. Filters (sparkler) are for solids–liquid separation, not liquid–liquid separation.


Step-by-Step Solution:
Identify need: liquid–liquid separation at small density difference.Select equipment providing high g and large clarification area.Choose disc bowl centrifuge.


Verification / Alternative check:
Dairy cream separators are specifically disc stack centrifuges, confirming suitability.


Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Batch basket: less suited for fine L–L separation.Sparkler filter: solid–liquid filtration device.Hydrocyclone: requires larger Δρ and droplet sizes for effective L–L separation.


Common Pitfalls:
Confusing clarifiers for solids removal with true liquid–liquid separators.


Final Answer:
Disc bowl centrifuge

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