In the question below, a few statements are given depicting an issue or a problem. You have to assume everything in the statements to be true even if they are at variance from commonly known facts, and on the basis of the information given in the statements, decide which of the suggested courses of action logically follow(s) for pursuing. Statement: Semiconductor facilities play a critical role in the global electronics industry's supply chain. Courses of Action: I. Governments should impose heavy tariffs on semiconductor imports, hindering the global electronics industry's access to critical components. II. Manufacturers should neglect investments in research and development, relying solely on outdated semiconductor technologies for production.

### Concept & Logic A valid course of action should be a practical and positive step that addresses the issue or supports the critical fact stated in the premise, without causing negative repercussions. ### Step-by-Step Solution * **Analyze the Statement:** The premise establishes that semiconductor facilities are crucial to the global electronics supply chain. Any logical action should support, protect, or enhance this critical role. * **Evaluate Course of Action I:** Imposing heavy tariffs would hinder access to critical components. This is a detrimental action that harms the industry, contradicting the goal of supporting a critical supply chain. Thus, I does not follow. * **Evaluate Course of Action II:** Neglecting research and relying on outdated technologies is a regressive step that would ruin manufacturers and weaken the supply chain. This is completely illogical as a positive course of action. Thus, II does not follow. * **Conclusion:** Since both suggested actions are negative and harmful, neither logically follows from the given statement. ### Exam Strategy & Shortcut In "Course of Action" questions, immediately eliminate any option that creates a new problem or worsens the existing situation. Both I and II are clearly destructive actions, making it easy to instantly select "Neither". ### Common Pitfall Overthinking whether there's a hidden "reverse psychology" or long-term protective strategy behind tariffs. Always take the statements at face value and look for direct, universally positive solutions. ### Final Answer Therefore, the correct answer is **Neither I nor II follows**.