Select the synonym (word with the closest meaning) of "eminent".

Introduction / Context:
Synonym questions test your understanding of vocabulary by asking you to select the word that is closest in meaning to a given word. The word in focus here is "eminent", which is often used in formal English to describe people who are famous and respected in a particular field. Choosing the correct synonym requires you to distinguish between words that might look impressive but do not match the precise meaning.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Target word: "eminent".
• Options: obscure, common, renowned, phenomenal and ordinary.
• We assume standard dictionary meanings for all options.
• The context of usage is usually "an eminent scientist", "an eminent judge", or "an eminent scholar".

Concept / Approach:
"Eminent" means famous, respected and distinguished, especially within a particular profession or area of study. It implies recognition and high status. Among the options, "renowned" is the closest match, as it means widely known and highly regarded. "Phenomenal" means extraordinary or remarkable, but does not specifically carry the idea of fame or respect in a profession. "Obscure" and "ordinary" are near opposites of "eminent", suggesting lack of fame or distinction. "Common" suggests something usual or widespread, not distinguished. Therefore, "renowned" best captures the meaning of "eminent".

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Recall that "eminent" describes someone of high rank, great achievement or strong reputation in their field.Step 2: Consider option C, "renowned". It means famous and celebrated, especially for some good quality or achievement, which lines up closely with "eminent".Step 3: Examine option A, "obscure". This means little known or not clearly expressed, almost the opposite of "eminent".Step 4: Examine option B, "common". It means ordinary, usual or found frequently, not distinguished or celebrated.Step 5: Examine option D, "phenomenal". It means extraordinary or very remarkable, but does not necessarily imply fame or professional distinction. A person can be phenomenal at something without being well known or established.Step 6: Examine option E, "ordinary". This again suggests lack of distinction and is far from the idea of eminence. So the only true synonym here is "renowned".

Verification / Alternative check:
Compare typical collocations: "eminent scientist" versus "renowned scientist" both sound natural and convey similar respect. "Phenomenal scientist" stresses exceptional ability but does not highlight reputation in the same way. "Obscure scientist" and "ordinary scientist" clearly contrast with "eminent", making them poor choices. If you check a thesaurus, you will find "renowned", "distinguished" and "illustrious" listed as common synonyms of "eminent". This confirms that "renowned" is the closest match among the given options.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Obscure: Means unknown or unclear; it is almost an antonym of "eminent".
• Common: Means ordinary or widespread; it does not suggest high status or respect.
• Phenomenal: Means extremely remarkable; it focuses on degree rather than fame and status.
• Ordinary: Means not special or distinctive; again, the opposite of "distinguished".

Common Pitfalls:
Learners may be tempted by words like "phenomenal" because they sound positive and powerful. However, synonyms must match in meaning, not just in positive or negative tone. Another pitfall is to ignore context: "eminent lawyer" and "renowned lawyer" both refer to a highly respected and well known person, but phrases like "common lawyer" or "phenomenal lawyer" change the meaning. To answer synonym questions accurately, always think of a simple explanation of the target word and then choose the option that matches that explanation most closely.

Final Answer:
The synonym that best matches "eminent" is renowned.