In each of the questions given below, a passage has been given which is either situation based or describes a scenario. Below each passage, a question has been given which is framed to make you infer something out of it. Mark out the correct inference as your answer. The world will be transformed. By 2050, we will be driving electric cars and flying in aircraft running on synthetic fuels produced through solar and wind energy. New energy-efficient technologies, most likely harnessing artificial intelligence, will dominate nearly all human activities from farming to heavy industry. The fossil fuel industry will be in the final stages of a terminal decline. Nuclear fusion and other new energy sources may have become widespread. Perhaps our planet will even be orbited by massive solar arrays capturing cosmic energy from sunlight and generating seemingly endless energy for all our needs. Which of the following is true about the role of AI in future clean energy goals?

### Concept & Inference Analysis The core concept here is accurate reading comprehension and distinguishing between the subject performing an action and the tool being utilized by that subject. ### Step-by-Step Solution 1. **Locate the target keyword:** Scan the passage for mentions of "artificial intelligence" or "AI". The relevant sentence is: "New energy-efficient technologies, most likely harnessing artificial intelligence, will dominate nearly all human activities..." 2. **Determine the grammatical relationships:** - The primary subject of the sentence is "New energy-efficient technologies." These technologies are the entities that will "dominate." - The phrase "harnessing artificial intelligence" modifies the technologies. To "harness" means to utilize or make use of something. Therefore, the technologies are *using* AI as a tool. 3. **Evaluate the given options:** - Option (a) incorrectly claims AI itself will "dominate." The passage explicitly states that the *technologies* will dominate. - Option (b) correctly infers that since new technologies are "harnessing" AI, AI is acting as a tool or providing "help" in the process of utilizing new clean energy. - Option (c) introduces a comparison between AI and nuclear fusion that is completely unsupported by the text. ### Exam Strategy & Shortcut When answering inference questions, isolate the exact sentence containing the keyword. Beware of "word salad" distractors like option (a) that take words directly from the text ("dominate," "harnessing") but scramble their syntactic relationship. Always identify the true subject of the verb. ### Common Pitfall Falling for the proximity trap. Students often choose option (a) because the words "artificial intelligence" and "dominate" are placed right next to each other in the original text, failing to realize they belong to different parts of the clause. ### Final Answer Therefore, the correct answer is **New clean energy will be harnessed with some help from AI.**