The price of an article was reduced by 25%. By what percent must the reduced price be increased to restore the original price?

Introduction / Context:
Reversing a percentage decrease requires a larger percentage increase because the base has changed. A 25% reduction multiplies the price by 0.75; to restore, divide by 0.75 or find the percentage that takes 0.75 back to 1.00.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Original price = P.
• Reduced price = 0.75P.
• We need a percentage x such that (0.75P) * (1 + x) = P.

Concept / Approach:
Solve 0.75 * (1 + x) = 1 ⇒ 1 + x = 1 / 0.75 = 4/3 ⇒ x = 1/3 = 33 1/3%.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Take P = ₹300. After −25% ⇒ ₹225. Increase ₹225 by 33 1/3% ⇒ ₹225 × 4/3 = ₹300. Restored.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
25% would only raise ₹225 to ₹281.25; 11 1/9% and 9 1/11% are too small; 66 2/3% is for reversing a 40% cut.

Common Pitfalls:
Assuming symmetry (25% down then 25% up). Percent changes are base-dependent.

Final Answer:
33 1/3%