Statement and Assumption problems
- 1. Statement:
"Private property, trespassers will be prosecuted" -A notice on a plot of land.
Assumption:
I The passerby may read the notice and may not trespass.
II The people are scared of prosecution.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer:
Explanation:
Any notice is displayed assuming that people will read the notice and also follow the content of the notice. So, I is implicit. Besides, the notice threatens any trespassers to be prosecuted. So, II is also implicit.
- 2. Statement:
If he is intelligent, he will pass the examination.
Assumption
I. To pass, he must be intelligent
II. He will pass the examination.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer: if only assumption I is implicit.
Explanation:
The statement mentions that he will pass if he is intelligent. So, I is implicit. Further, this means that it is not necessary that he will pass. So, II is not impicit.
- 3. Statement
The government has decided to disinvest large chunk of its equity in select public sector undertakings for a better fiscal management.
Assumption
I. The amount generated out of the disinvestment process may reduce substantially the mounting fiscal deficits.
II. There will be enough demand in the market for the shares of these undertakings.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer: if only assumption I is implicit.
Explanation:
The fact given in I directly follows from the phrase ' . . . . for a better fiscal management' in the statement. So, I is implicit. However, the public response to the new policy cannot be ascertained. So, II is not implicit.
- 4. Statement:
"Use our product to improve memory of our child. It is based on natural herbs and has no harmful side effects."---- An advertisement of a pharmaceutical company.
Assumptions:
I. People generally opt for a medical product which is useful and has no harmful side effects.
II. Improving memory of child is considered as important by many parents.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer:
Explanation:
An advertisement highlights only those features of a product, which are liked by people and are also desirable. So, both I and II are implicit.
- 5. Statement:
If it is easy to become an engineer, I don't want to be an engineer.
Assumption
I. An individual aspires to be professional.
II. One desires to achieve a thing which is hard earned.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer: if only assumption II is implicit.
Explanation:
Clearly, nothing is mentioned about the professional nature of the job. So, I is not implicit. The statement hints that one rejects a thing that is easy to achieve. So, II, is implicit.
- 6. Statement:
Kartik left for Delhi on Tuesday by train to attend a function to be held on Friday at his uncle's house in Delhi.
Assumptions
I. Kartik may reach Delhi on Wednesday.
II. Kartik may reach Delhi before Friday.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer: if only assumption II is implicit
Explanation:
Clearly, it cannot be deduced as to which day Kartik would reach Delhi. But Kartik has left for Delhi to attend a function to be held on Friday. So, he must have planned his journey to reach Delhi before Friday. Thus, only II is implicit.
- 7. Statement:
The civic authority has advised the residents in the area to use mosquito repellents or sleep inside nets as large number of people are suffering from malaria.
Assumption:
I. Local residents have enough money to arrange for the repellents or nets.
II. People may ignore and continue to get mosquito bites as they have other pressing needs.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II are implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer: if only assumption I is implicit.
Explanation:
The civic authority has advised residents to keep away from mosquitoes to avert the risk of malaria. Such an advice would surely be adhered to by the people. So, II is not implicit. Besides, it has been advised to use mosquito repellents or nets. This means that people can afford to buy the same. So, I is implicit.
- 8. Statement:
Many historians have done more harm than good by distorting truth.
Assumption:
I. People believe what is reported by the historians.
II. Historians are seldom expected to depict the truth.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II are implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer: if only assumption I is implicit.
Explanation:
The fact that historians have done harm by distorting truth, means that people believe what is reported by the historians. So, I is implicit. II does not follow from the statement and so is not implicit.
- 9. Statement
It is surprising that India beat Australia even after follow on. It happens 2nd time in the history of test cricket.
Assumptions
I. Winning after follow on is possible.
II. India cannot repeat such victory again.
Options- A. If only Assumption I is implicit
- B. If only Assumption II is implicit
- C. If either Assumption I or II is implicit
- D. If neither Assumptions I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: If only Assumption I is implicit
Explanation:
Assumption I is implicit as if it had not been possible India would not have won after follow on. Further, the word 'surprising' tells that winning after follow on is very difficult and this is the reason it happens only 2nd time. But if it is possible, we cannot say that India will not repeat such victory again. Hence, Assumption II is invalid.
- 10. Statement
''We must appoint more subordinate officers on our office staff''. the manager said to the chairman.
Assumptions
I. Subordinates officers are available.
II. The present office staff is inefficient.
Options- A. If only Assumption I is implicit
- B. If only Assumption II is implicit
- C. If either Assumption I or II is implicit
- D. If neither Assumptions I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: If only Assumption I is implicit
Explanation:
Here, the manager stresses the need to appoint more subordinate officers. It does mean that present staff is not efficient. In fact, he wants to say that work is much more then the working capacity of present staff strength. Hence, Assumption II is invalid. But Assumption I is implicit because without assuming the availability or subordinate officers, the manager would not have said so.
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