Catalytic reforming (Platforming) configuration: In modern practice, UOP Platforming units commonly employ which reactor/catalyst handling configuration?
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AMoving bed
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BFluidised bed
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CNon-regenerative fixed bed only
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DRegenerative (continuous catalyst regeneration) without moving catalyst
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EBatch stirred tank
Answer
Correct Answer: Moving bed
Explanation
Introduction:Platforming is UOP’s catalytic reforming technology to upgrade naphtha into high-octane reformate and hydrogen. Reactor configuration and how the catalyst is regenerated affect uptime and severity.
Given Data / Assumptions:
- Feed: desulphurised straight-run naphtha.
- Catalyst: platinum (and bi/tri-metallic) on alumina.
- Reactor trains can be semi-regenerative or continuous catalyst regeneration (CCR).
Concept / Approach:Historically, semi-regenerative fixed-bed units required periodic shutdowns for regeneration. Modern CCR Platforming uses a moving-bed system that continuously circulates catalyst to a regenerator, enabling higher severity, stable octane, and longer on-stream times. Thus, “moving bed” best describes the prevalent contemporary configuration.
Step-by-Step Solution:
Identify modern standard: CCR Platforming.Note that CCR relies on a moving bed of catalyst moving slowly through reactors to the regenerator.Select “Moving bed.”Verification / Alternative check:Refinery process summaries distinguish semi-regenerative (fixed-bed) versus CCR (moving-bed). Many new installations are CCR for performance and economics.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
- Fluidised bed: Not the standard for reforming (FCC uses fluidisation).
- Non-regenerative fixed bed only: Outdated as a blanket statement; many units are CCR.
- Regenerative without moving catalyst: CCR regeneration involves catalyst movement.
- Batch stirred tank: Not applicable.
Common Pitfalls:Confusing FCC fluidised-bed concepts with reforming; ignoring the evolution from semi-regenerative to CCR moving-bed units.
Final Answer:Moving bed