Planetary Science – Natural satellites Which pair correctly lists the planets that, as currently reported, have no natural satellites (moons)?

Introduction / Context:
Knowledge of which planets possess moons is basic planetary science and aids in understanding comparative planetology, tidal interactions, and formation histories of the solar system.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• We must select the pair of planets with no known natural satellites.
• We assume the established inventory of solar system moons.

Concept / Approach:
Mercury and Venus are the inner planets closest to the Sun. Their proximity and dynamical histories likely contributed to their lack of captured or formed natural satellites. By contrast, Earth has the Moon; Mars has Phobos and Deimos; the giant planets host numerous moons.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Recall inner planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars.Identify which have moons: Earth (yes), Mars (yes), Mercury (no), Venus (no).Select the pair with none: Mercury and Venus.

Verification / Alternative check:
Spacecraft observations and telescopic surveys have not revealed any natural satellites for Mercury and Venus, whereas outer planets host dozens each.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Earth and Pluto: Earth has one; Pluto (a dwarf planet) has several (e.g., Charon).
• Mars and Neptune: both have moons.
• Jupiter and Saturn: both have many moons.

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing “dwarf planet” status (Pluto) with having no moons; moon presence is independent of IAU planetary classification.

Final Answer:
Mercury and Venus