Bulk Density vs Grading – find the incorrect statement Which of the following statements about bulk density of aggregates and grading is incorrect?

Introduction / Context:Bulk density of aggregate depends on how well particles pack together. Grading (distribution of sizes) determines how smaller particles fill voids between larger ones. Understanding this relationship is important for proportioning concrete and asphalt mixtures efficiently.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Aggregates are clean and dry in a loose to rodded condition typical for bulk density tests.
• Terms: “single-size” means narrow gradation; “properly graded” means a good spread of sizes.

Concept / Approach:

Properly graded aggregate packs more efficiently because fines occupy voids between coarse particles, producing higher bulk density and lower void content. Single-size aggregate leaves many unfilled voids, giving lower bulk density. Hence, any statement claiming maximum bulk density for single-size aggregate is incorrect.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Mix design guides show lower paste demand with well-graded aggregate (a consequence of higher packing density) compared with single-size aggregate blends.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

They correctly express the relation between grading and packing density.

Common Pitfalls:

Equating particle angularity with grading effects; both influence bulk density but grading typically dominates.

Final Answer:

In single-size aggregates, bulk density is maximum