In each of the following analogy questions, Pedagogy is related to Teaching in the same way as which of the following is related to its appropriate field or object of study?

Introduction / Context:
This verbal analogy checks knowledge of subject names and their corresponding areas of study. The pair Pedagogy : Teaching shows a relationship where the first word names a discipline or science, and the second word names the activity it studies or the art it describes. Pedagogy is the science or art of teaching. To solve the analogy, we must select the option where the first word is also a recognised branch of knowledge, and the second word is the correct object or focus of that branch.

Given Data / Assumptions:
- Pedagogy refers to the theory and practice of education and teaching.
- Teaching is the activity, art, or process that pedagogy examines and improves.
- Each option pair contains a possible field and an associated subject or object.
- Exactly one option should show the same type of relationship between a specialised study and its proper object.

Concept / Approach:
In analogy questions of this type, the key is to identify the nature of the link in the given pair. Here, pedagogical research focuses on teaching methods, learning processes, and classroom practice. Thus, the pattern is field of study to object of study. We then evaluate each option by asking whether the first term is a standard scientific or academic discipline and whether the second term is what that discipline actually studies. Pairs in which the second term is incorrect, incomplete, or unrelated must be eliminated.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Clarify the reference pair. Pedagogy is the science of teaching, so Pedagogy : Teaching fits the pattern field to focus. Step 2: Option A, Telepathy : Emotions. Telepathy refers to communication of thoughts or feelings at a distance without normal senses, not simply the study of emotions. Step 3: Option B, Radiology : Sound. Radiology is the medical discipline that uses imaging techniques based on radiation and does not primarily study sound. Step 4: Option C, Mycology : Fossils. Mycology is the study of fungi, while fossils belong to palaeontology, so this pairing is incorrect. Step 5: Option D, Entomology : Insects. Entomology is the branch of zoology that studies insects, which matches the pattern perfectly. Step 6: Conclude that Entomology : Insects is the pair that parallels Pedagogy : Teaching.

Verification / Alternative check:
As a check, we can rewrite both pairs in the same structure: Pedagogy is the study of teaching, and Entomology is the study of insects. The word study can be inserted naturally in both sentences. For the other options this does not work cleanly. We do not normally say Telepathy is the study of emotions or Radiology is the study of sound. Mycology is definitely not the study of fossils. Therefore, only one option satisfies the field to object pattern that the question requires.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Telepathy is a claimed mental ability, not an academic discipline focusing only on emotions. Radiology concerns imaging using X rays and other radiation, so pairing it with sound is mismatched. Mycology and fossils belong to different domains altogether. Because the question specifically mirrors a proper scientific discipline to its object, these mismatched pairs cannot be correct. Entomology is widely known as the zoological study of insects, so it is the only valid choice.

Common Pitfalls:
A frequent error is to pick an option simply because the two words seem loosely related or appear together in some context. Another pitfall is not recognising which words actually name disciplines ending in suffixes like logy. Test takers may also overlook that pedagogy is about teaching practice and not about learners themselves. To avoid such mistakes, always ask whether you could insert the phrase study of between the two words and still have an accurate definition. That test quickly eliminates wrong options here.

Final Answer:
The pair that matches the relationship Pedagogy : Teaching is Entomology : Insects, so option D is correct.