In the Constitution of India, Part III is devoted to which important subject area?

Introduction / Context:
The Constitution of India is systematically organised into Parts, each dealing with specific themes such as the Union, the States, citizenship, rights, and responsibilities. Part III is one of the most important sections because it protects individual freedoms and liberties against arbitrary state action. This question checks whether you can correctly associate Part III with the subject it covers.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• The question is about Part III of the Constitution of India.
• It asks which subject area this Part relates to.
• Options include Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles, Fundamental Duties, Citizenship, and the Union and its Territory.
• We assume basic familiarity with the broad structure of the Constitution.

Concept / Approach:
Part III of the Constitution of India is titled Fundamental Rights and runs from Article 12 to Article 35. These rights guarantee equality, freedom, protection against exploitation, freedom of religion, cultural and educational rights, and the right to constitutional remedies. They are enforceable in courts, and any law that violates these rights can be declared void. Therefore, the correct answer is that Part III deals with Fundamental Rights.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Recall that Part II deals with citizenship and Part I with the Union and its Territory. Step 2: Remember that Part III, from Article 12 to 35, is specifically labelled Fundamental Rights. Step 3: Recognise that Directive Principles are in Part IV and Fundamental Duties in Part IVA. Step 4: Match this information with the options and choose Fundamental Rights as the correct subject of Part III.

Verification / Alternative check:
Any basic reading of the Constitution shows the chapter heading Fundamental Rights under Part III. School textbooks, NCERT materials, and competitive exam guides all repeatedly describe Part III as the heart of the Constitution, focusing on Fundamental Rights. No authoritative source associates Part III with Directive Principles, Duties, or citizenship, which are clearly placed in other Parts.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Directive Principles of State Policy: These are in Part IV, Articles 36 to 51. Fundamental Duties: These are placed in Part IVA, Article 51A. Citizenship: This is mainly covered in Part II, Articles 5 to 11. The Union and its Territory: This is covered in Part I, Articles 1 to 4. Therefore, none of these other options match Part III, which is exclusively about Fundamental Rights.

Common Pitfalls:
Learners sometimes confuse the article ranges and Parts because Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles, and Fundamental Duties are often studied together. Another error is to rely only on article numbers and forget the Part labels. For clarity, it helps to remember the sequence: Part II for citizenship, Part III for Fundamental Rights, Part IV for Directive Principles, and Part IVA for Fundamental Duties. This fixed order makes it easier to answer such mapping questions correctly.

Final Answer:
Fundamental Rights