Parallel fault — one branch shorts: If one branch in a parallel circuit becomes a short circuit (near zero resistance across the supply), what is the correct statement about the effect on other branches and the network operation?

Introduction / Context:
Short-circuit faults are critical events in parallel networks. Understanding their impact helps with protection design (fuses, breakers), power integrity, and safe lab practice. The claim that other branches are unaffected when one branch shorts is evaluated here.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Parallel network fed by a practical source.
• One branch suddenly becomes a short (very low resistance).
• Ideal wiring assumed unless stated; source has finite current capability in practice.

Concept / Approach:
A shorted branch presents a very low impedance path, causing the source voltage to collapse toward zero at the parallel node if the source is limited or protective devices trip. Other branches share the same node voltage, so their currents and operation are indeed affected—often dropping drastically due to the voltage collapse or being interrupted by protective action.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Lab experience: a short across a bench supply usually trips current limit, pulling output voltage down and affecting every parallel load. Power distribution systems behave similarly, prompting protection to clear the fault.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Correct: Not correct because a short impacts shared node voltage and branch currents.
• True only when the source has series resistance: Even with small resistance, the effect is substantial.
• True only for identical branches: Identity is irrelevant; the short dominates impedance.
• Undetermined without source voltage: Qualitative effect is determinable without numeric values.

Common Pitfalls:
Assuming branches are isolated in parallel; forgetting that all branches share the same node voltage mandated by the source and affected by faults.

Final Answer:
Incorrect