All day-to-day functions of the Panchayat in which of the following Indian states were, for the first time, operated entirely through an electronic, web-based system?

Introduction / Context:
E governance initiatives in India have extended to the grassroots level, including Panchayati Raj institutions. One significant milestone was when a Panchayat in a particular state moved all day to day functions to an electronic, web based system. This question tests awareness of that pioneering state, which is often highlighted in administrative reforms and digital governance discussions.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• The focus is on Panchayat level governance in India.
• All routine functions were shifted to an electronic and web based platform.
• This was the first such initiative in the country.
• Options list four southern and western states known for administrative experiments.

Concept / Approach:
Kerala has frequently been at the forefront of decentralisation and local governance reforms. It has experimented with people's planning, higher literacy driven participation, and early adoption of digital tools at the Panchayat level. In the specific case mentioned, the comprehensive computerisation and web based handling of day to day Panchayat work first took place in a Kerala Panchayat, making the state a model in e governance at the local level.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Identify that the question is about a first in India connected with Panchayat e governance. Step 2: Recall that Kerala is widely known for strong local self government institutions and early ICT adoption in public services. Step 3: Compare this with other options like Karnataka or Andhra Pradesh, which are strong in IT but slightly different in Panchayat reforms. Step 4: Select Kerala as the state where all day to day Panchayat functions were first operated via a web based system.

Verification / Alternative check:
Multiple examination oriented reference books and online question banks identify Kerala as the correct answer to this standard question. These sources point to a specific Kerala Panchayat recognised for full scale computerisation of its routine functions, which was cited as an example of best practice in local e governance. The repetition of this example across study materials supports the choice of Kerala.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh: Both states are known for strong IT sectors and e governance programs but are not credited with this particular first at the Panchayat level. Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu: These states also have significant administrative innovations but are not mentioned in authoritative exam sources for this specific pioneering effort. Hence, while all options may have digital initiatives, only Kerala matches the precise claim in the question.

Common Pitfalls:
A typical error is to choose Karnataka or Andhra Pradesh due to their reputation as IT hubs. Another pitfall is to rely on general impressions of development rather than the exact phrasing of the question about a first time event at the Panchayat level. Carefully linking key words such as Panchayat, day to day functions, and web based system with the correct state helps to avoid confusion.

Final Answer:
Kerala