Difficulty: Medium
Correct Answer: 110
Explanation:
Introduction / Context:
This series presents increasing numbers where the increments themselves decrease in a regular manner. The learner must observe not only the terms but also how the differences shrink, which is a frequent pattern in aptitude style questions. Recognising the pattern in the differences allows precise prediction of the next term.
Given Data / Assumptions:
- Series: 60, 80, 95, 105, ?
- The fifth term is missing.
- The series increases but at a slowing rate.
Concept / Approach:
The approach is to compute the differences between consecutive terms and then see how these differences change. When the differences change in a simple way, for example by a constant amount, we can extend that pattern to the next difference and thus to the next term. This is essentially a second level arithmetic progression on the differences.
Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Compute differences.
80 - 60 = 20.
95 - 80 = 15.
105 - 95 = 10.
Step 2: The differences are 20, 15, and 10, each decreasing by 5.
Step 3: The next difference should be 10 - 5 = 5.
Step 4: Add this difference to the last known term to get the missing value: 105 + 5 = 110.
Verification / Alternative check:
An alternative check is to extend the difference sequence: 20, 15, 10, 5. If you add these differences cumulatively starting from 60, you obtain 80, 95, 105, and 110. This reconstructs the series consistently and confirms that the missing term must be 110.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
- Option 190 would require an increase of 85 from 105, which clearly does not match the gently decreasing differences.
- Option 150 would require a jump of 45, again inconsistent with the pattern of decreasing increments.
- Option 250 requires an even larger difference that completely ignores the observed structure.
Common Pitfalls:
Learners may try to force a single formula on the terms instead of first examining simple first and second differences. Another mistake is to miscalculate one of the differences and miss the clear minus five pattern, which leads to incorrect extension of the series.
Final Answer:
The missing term is 110, so the correct option is 110.
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