Right of way (ROW) norms: What is the normal land width for a Major District Road (MDR) in open country?

Introduction / Context:
Right of way (ROW) is the full land strip acquired for a road: it must accommodate the formation, side slopes, drains, utilities, future widening, and roadside furniture. Standard ROW values vary with road classification and setting (urban vs. rural).

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Road class: Major District Road (MDR).
• Location type: open (rural) area.
• We refer to commonly adopted planning norms for India.

Concept / Approach:
Typical norms: NH ≈ 45 m (rural), SH ≈ 30 m (rural), MDR ≈ 25 m, ODR ≈ 15 m, and Village Roads ≈ 12 m in open areas. These widths allow formation, drainage, utilities, and safety margins with scope for staged widening.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Identify the class: MDR.Apply rural/open-area norm: ~25 m.Choose the matching option.

Verification / Alternative check:
Cross-check with standard cross-sections: MDR formations plus side drains and slopes fit within about 25 m in rural terrain, leaving space for future widening where needed.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• 45 m: more typical of NH in rural stretches.
• 15 m or 12 m: too narrow for MDR; these align with ODR/VR norms.
• 30 m: closer to SH norms than MDR.

Common Pitfalls:

• Confusing formation width (pavement + shoulders) with ROW; ROW is substantially wider.
• Applying urban ROW values to rural corridors without adjusting for side slopes and drains.

Final Answer:
25 m