In India, on which date is National Science Day celebrated every year to commemorate the discovery of the Raman Effect?

Introduction / Context:
This question tests awareness of an important national observance related to science in India. National Science Day marks the discovery of the Raman Effect by the Indian physicist C. V. Raman, a discovery that later earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics. The day is used to promote scientific temper, encourage young students to take interest in science and celebrate scientific achievements. Competitive exams frequently ask for the exact date of this observance, closely linking current affairs with basic science history.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• National Science Day is connected with the Raman Effect.
• It is celebrated annually in India.
• The options provide four dates in February: 23, 25, 26 and 28.
• We must recall the standard officially recognised date.

Concept / Approach:
The Raman Effect, which describes the inelastic scattering of light by molecules, was discovered by C. V. Raman on 28 February 1928. To honour this discovery and promote scientific awareness, the Government of India designated 28 February as National Science Day. Every year, programmes, exhibitions, lectures and competitions are organised on this date in schools, colleges and research institutions. Therefore, when asked about National Science Day, one should directly associate it with 28 February.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Remember that National Science Day in India is linked to the discovery of the Raman Effect. Step 2: Recall that C. V. Raman announced his discovery on 28 February, which later became the chosen date for the observance. Step 3: Look at the options: February 23, 25, 26 and 28. Step 4: Identify February 28 as the recognised date of both the original discovery announcement and the official National Science Day celebration. Step 5: Select February 28 as the correct answer.

Verification / Alternative check:
A simple way to verify this date is to recall that many schools in India hold science exhibitions or special assemblies near the end of February, specifically on 28 February, and news reports mention this date every year. Examination guides and general knowledge books also list 28 February as National Science Day, often alongside other important observance days such as National Technology Day and World Environment Day. This repeated exposure reinforces the correct date in memory.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
February 23 is not associated with the Raman Effect and is not recognised as National Science Day in India. February 25 does not correspond to any major national science observance linked to C. V. Raman in standard references. February 26 is also not officially designated as National Science Day and appears only as a distractor in this multiple choice question.

Common Pitfalls:
Because all the given dates fall close together in late February, some candidates rely on guesswork and confuse 25, 26 and 28. Others mix up National Science Day with other international days related to science or technology. To avoid such errors, learners should firmly memorise the association: Raman Effect, C. V. Raman and 28 February as National Science Day in India. Creating a quick mental link between Raman and the end of February can help ensure accurate recall in exam situations.

Final Answer:
National Science Day is celebrated in India every year on February 28.