Physical Geography – Russia’s physiographic divide Which mountain range forms the traditional boundary between European Russia and the rest of (northern/Asian) Russia?

Introduction / Context:
Continental boundaries can be cultural or physical. In Eurasia, a conventional physical divide between Europe and Asia runs along specific features, one of which bisects Russia into a European and a Siberian (Asian) sector.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• We need the mountain range that marks Russia’s Europe–Asia divide.
• Options list European ranges and one Eurasian interior range.
• The traditional choice in atlases and textbooks is well known.

Concept / Approach:
The Ural Mountains extend roughly north–south from near the Arctic Ocean toward Kazakhstan, forming the classic boundary between European Russia to the west and Asian Russia (Siberia) to the east. Other named ranges (Pyrenees, Balkans, Carpathians) lie far to the west or southwest and do not define the Europe–Asia line within Russia.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Identify the Europe–Asia conventional boundary in Russia.Recall the Urals’ north–south orientation and role in geography education.Select “the Urals.”

Verification / Alternative check:
Atlases often depict the boundary running along the Urals, the Ural River, the Caucasus (by some conventions), and the Bosporus—showing a composite but with the Urals key for Russia.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• the Pyranees: divide Spain and France; unrelated to Russia.
• the Balkans: southeastern Europe; not a Europe–Asia divide in Russia.
• the Carpathians: Central/Eastern Europe arc; not Russia’s continental boundary.

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing political borders with physiographic boundaries; the question specifically seeks the mountain range.

Final Answer:
the Urals