Difficulty: Medium
Correct Answer: Trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole
Explanation:
Introduction / Context:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a non-fermenting gram-negative bacillus with intrinsic and acquired resistance mechanisms. Selecting an agent with reliable antipseudomonal activity is crucial in severe infections such as ventilator-associated pneumonia, bacteremia, and complicated urinary tract infection.
Given Data / Assumptions:
Concept / Approach:
Active options typically include piperacillin (especially with tazobactam), ceftazidime or cefepime, carbapenems (meropenem, imipenem except ertapenem), aztreonam, and aminoglycosides (tobramycin, amikacin). TMP–SMX targets folate pathways but is not a dependable choice for P. aeruginosa due to intrinsic resistance and efflux mechanisms.
Step-by-Step Solution:
Evaluate each option's spectrum: aminoglycosides active (often in combination); ceftazidime is antipseudomonal; piperacillin has activity (enhanced with tazobactam).Confirm TMP–SMX lacks reliable efficacy against P. aeruginosa.Select Trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole as the agent not clinically useful.
Verification / Alternative check:
Institutional antibiograms and guidelines rarely list TMP–SMX for Pseudomonas; susceptibility rates are typically very low compared to antipseudomonal beta-lactams and aminoglycosides.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Aminoglycosides, ceftazidime, and piperacillin show recognized antipseudomonal activity, especially in combination therapy for severe disease. Piperacillin–tazobactam is also widely used.
Common Pitfalls:
Assuming broad gram-negative activity implies antipseudomonal activity; many agents lack Pseudomonas coverage despite gram-negative spectra.
Final Answer:
Trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole.
Discussion & Comments