Definition of a microarray platform A microarray is an ordered array of microscopic elements on a planar substrate that enables specific binding of which target class?

Introduction / Context:
Microarrays miniaturize many binding assays onto a single planar chip, enabling high-throughput analysis of gene expression, genotyping, and protein interactions.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• “Ordered,” “microscopic,” and “planar” describe the physical layout.
• “Specific binding” is through complementary base pairing (DNA/RNA) or affinity (antibody–antigen).

Concept / Approach:
DNA microarrays bind nucleic acids via hybridization; protein microarrays bind proteins via affinity capture. While many loci are probed, they do not bind an entire intact genome in one spot as a single binding event.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Standard texts depict arrays of thousands of probes each capturing complementary sequences or antigens.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Whole genome as one entity is not how arrays function; they survey many fragments/loci.
• Both (a) and (b): false due to (b).
• None/only small molecules: contradictory to microarray practice.

Common Pitfalls:
Assuming “genome-wide” means a single whole-genome binding event rather than thousands of parallel specific interactions.

Final Answer:
Genes or gene products (nucleic acids or proteins) via complementary/specific interactions