Definition of a microarray platform A microarray is an ordered array of microscopic elements on a planar substrate that enables specific binding of which target class?
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AGenes or gene products (nucleic acids or proteins) via complementary/specific interactions
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BAn entire intact genome in one binding event
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CBoth (a) and (b)
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DNone of these
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EOnly small molecules, not macromolecules
Answer
Correct Answer: Genes or gene products (nucleic acids or proteins) via complementary/specific interactions
Explanation
Introduction / Context:Microarrays miniaturize many binding assays onto a single planar chip, enabling high-throughput analysis of gene expression, genotyping, and protein interactions.
Given Data / Assumptions:
- “Ordered,” “microscopic,” and “planar” describe the physical layout.
- “Specific binding” is through complementary base pairing (DNA/RNA) or affinity (antibody–antigen).
Concept / Approach:DNA microarrays bind nucleic acids via hybridization; protein microarrays bind proteins via affinity capture. While many loci are probed, they do not bind an entire intact genome in one spot as a single binding event.
Step-by-Step Solution:
Identify true scope: macromolecular targets like cDNAs, oligos, or proteins.Exclude “whole genome” as a single binding target; microarrays query many discrete features.Choose the option highlighting genes or gene products.Verification / Alternative check:Standard texts depict arrays of thousands of probes each capturing complementary sequences or antigens.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
- Whole genome as one entity is not how arrays function; they survey many fragments/loci.
- Both (a) and (b): false due to (b).
- None/only small molecules: contradictory to microarray practice.
Common Pitfalls:Assuming “genome-wide” means a single whole-genome binding event rather than thousands of parallel specific interactions.
Final Answer:Genes or gene products (nucleic acids or proteins) via complementary/specific interactions