Difficulty: Easy
Correct Answer: 66.67%
Explanation:
Introduction / Context:
This question again illustrates the asymmetric nature of percentage comparisons. If one value is a certain percentage less than another, the reverse comparison uses a different percentage because the base changes. Understanding this is crucial for percentage based aptitude questions.
Given Data / Assumptions:
Concept / Approach:
If a quantity is 40 percent less than another, it means it is 60 percent of that other quantity. So we first express Manoj's salary in terms of Subhash's salary. Then we compute the ratio of the difference to Manoj's salary to obtain the required percentage by which Subhash earns more.
Step-by-Step Solution:
Assume Subhash's salary = 100 units.Manoj's salary is 40 percent less, so Manoj's salary = 100 - 40 = 60 units.Difference between their salaries = 100 - 60 = 40 units.Required percentage = (difference / Manoj's salary) * 100.So percentage by which Subhash earns more = (40 / 60) * 100 = 66.67 percent (approximately).
Verification / Alternative check:
If we take Subhash earning Rs. 50,000, then Manoj earns 60 percent of that, that is Rs. 30,000. The difference is Rs. 20,000. The percentage difference relative to Manoj is 20,000 / 30,000 * 100 = 66.67 percent, confirming our result.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Percentages like 60 percent, 62.5 percent and 65 percent come from rough approximations or from using the wrong base. Only 66.67 percent correctly matches the exact fraction 2/3 derived from the salary ratio 100:60 = 5:3.
Common Pitfalls:
Many learners simply reuse 40 percent when reversing the comparison, which is incorrect. Others divide the difference by Subhash's salary again, getting 40 percent. Always pay attention to which salary is used as the reference when converting a difference into a percentage.
Final Answer:
The salary of Subhash is approximately 66.67 percent more than the salary of Manoj.
Discussion & Comments