Irrigation Management — Command Area Development (CAD) What is the main objective of the centrally sponsored Command Area Development (CAD) programme in irrigated agriculture?

Introduction / Context:
Command Area Development (CAD) programmes aim to bridge the gap between created irrigation potential and its effective utilisation on farms. They integrate engineering works with on-farm development, water distribution efficiency, and agronomic practices to raise crop yields across the command area of a canal or project.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Goal 1: Enhance utilisation of available irrigation water.
• Goal 2: Increase productivity/production from irrigated land.
• Approach: Infrastructure plus agronomy and water management.

Concept / Approach:
CAD is not limited to building canals. It addresses field channels, land levelling, rotational water supply, drainage, and extension services. By ensuring equitable and timely water delivery and adopting improved practices, both water utilisation and productivity rise simultaneously. Thus, the most complete option is the one that combines both aims.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Policy synopses consistently state CAD’s dual target: full utilisation of potential and enhanced productivity.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Only (a) or only (b) is incomplete; CAD is purposely holistic.
• “None of the above” contradicts the programme’s well-known objectives.

Common Pitfalls:
Viewing CAD purely as canal construction. Farm-level distribution and agronomy are equally vital.

Final Answer:
both (a) and (b)