Objectives of a standard boiler trial (test) The main object of a boiler trial is to: ________.

Introduction / Context:
Boiler trials (acceptance tests) are conducted to quantify how a steam generator performs under specified conditions. The results guide selection, guarantee verification, maintenance planning, and energy auditing, so the scope of a proper trial is comprehensive rather than single-metric.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Steady-state operation at specified pressure and firing rate.
• Measured flows of feedwater, fuel, and steam with calibrated instruments.
• Flue gas analysis and temperature measurements available.

Concept / Approach:
A complete trial should establish: (1) capacity or evaporation rate (kg/h, t/h), (2) thermal efficiency based on energy in steam versus energy in fuel, and (3) a heat balance, accounting for stack losses, radiation, unburned fuel, blowdown, and other sinks to validate efficiency figures and diagnose improvements.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Record fuel input (mass * calorific value) and feedwater conditions.Measure steam output and condition; compute energy to steam.Compute efficiency = (energy to steam) / (fuel energy input).Prepare a heat balance allocating remaining energy to losses; confirm mass and energy closure.

Verification / Alternative check:
Standard codes (e.g., acceptance test codes) require reporting capacity, efficiency, and detailed heat balance—matching options a–c.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Picking any single item omits necessary context; “none” contradicts the established scope of trials.

Common Pitfalls:
Ignoring correction to “from and at 100°C” for comparable evaporation; neglecting blowdown and moisture corrections in the balance.

Final Answer:
all of the above