Selecting a Steam Boiler — Key Determinants The choice of steam boiler type and size primarily depends on which of the following factors?

Introduction / Context:
Boiler selection is a systems decision influenced by process demand, site constraints, and utilities. Correctly identifying the determinants helps in screening candidate designs (fire-tube, water-tube, waste-heat) and sizing auxiliaries.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Desired steam output (power) and required working pressure/temperature.
• Site logistics, climate, and layout (geographical considerations).
• Fuel (coal, oil, gas, biomass) and raw water availability/quality.

Concept / Approach:
Power and pressure define the duty and often the boiler class (e.g., high-pressure water-tube for large power). Geographic and site factors affect transport, installation height limits, seismic/wind loads, and stack dispersion. Fuel and water determine furnace design, ash handling, emissions control, and water-treatment plant sizing. All are integral to the final choice and capacity.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Quantify steam demand and working pressure → shortlist feasible boiler types.Assess site/geography → check access, codes, and environmental requirements.Evaluate fuels and water → combustion, treatment, and O&M considerations.

Verification / Alternative check:
Feasibility studies consistently include these three categories to converge on a viable boiler specification.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Each item is genuinely influential; therefore the comprehensive answer “all of the above” is correct.

Common Pitfalls:
Overlooking water quality, which can constrain pressure and material selection.

Final Answer:
all of the above