Terminology: what do we call the bits that convey “how large” a number is? In signed binary representations, which term refers specifically to the bits that indicate the size (absolute value) of the number, independent of its sign?

Introduction / Context:
Signed number encodings separate the idea of sign (positive/negative) from size (absolute value). The bits that reflect the size are essential for understanding range, resolution, and arithmetic behavior. This question tests your familiarity with the standard terminology used in digital design.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• We are considering signed formats (e.g., signed magnitude, two’s complement).
• The sign information is represented (explicitly or implicitly) by specific bit positions (often the MSB).
• Other bits describe the absolute quantity.

Concept / Approach:
In any signed encoding, we conceptually parse the word into sign information plus the remaining bits that specify the absolute size. Those remaining bits are called magnitude bits. Even in two’s complement, where interpretation is more involved, the term “magnitude bits” is useful when discussing the absolute value of the representation.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Consider signed-magnitude encoding: the MSB is the sign bit; the remaining bits are literally the magnitude bits.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

Common Pitfalls:
Equating “most significant bits” with magnitude bits without considering that the MSB may be a sign bit in signed formats.

Final Answer:
magnitude bits