Critical reasoning — school discipline and reputation: From 'Any student who does not behave properly brings a bad name to himself and to the school', infer whether removal is mandated and whether stricter discipline is ineffective

Given data

• Statement: Misbehaving students harm their own and the school's reputation.
• Conclusions:
  • I: Such students should be removed from the school.
  • II: Stricter discipline does not improve behaviour.

Concept/Approach

The statement diagnoses a reputational effect; it does not prescribe expulsion nor evaluate the efficacy of stricter discipline.

Step-by-Step logic
1) I does not follow: no punitive recommendation is stated.2) II does not follow: no claim about the impact of stricter discipline is made.

Verification/Alternative

Possible remedies could include counseling, warnings, or discipline; the statement is silent on what works.

Common pitfalls

• Supplying policy conclusions that are not in the premise.

Final Answer
Neither I nor II follows.