Counting PN junctions in a JFET: How many effective diodes (PN junctions) are present in the structure of a typical JFET?

Introduction / Context:
A JFET controls current via PN junctions between the gate regions and the channel. In many constructions, p+ gate regions are formed on both sides of an n-type channel (or vice versa), tied together electrically. Understanding how many PN junctions are effectively present helps when visualizing depletion regions and interpreting equivalent diagrams used in education.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Typical symmetrical JFET structure with gate diffusions flanking the channel.
• Both gate regions are electrically common (same terminal).
• Idealized representation for teaching purposes.

Concept / Approach:

Each gate diffusion forms a PN junction with the channel, so there are two PN junctions arranged around the channel and connected in parallel at the gate terminal. These junctions are reverse-biased in normal operation, expanding depletion into the channel to modulate conduction.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Cross-sections and device models in textbooks frequently depict two junctions controlling a central channel; SPICE models abstract this, but the teaching diagrams remain consistent.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• 1: ignores the bilateral gate structure common in many JFETs.
• 3 or 4: overstates the number for a standard single-gate JFET.
• 0: contradicts the “Junction” in Junction FET.

Common Pitfalls:

• Assuming the two junctions behave as two separate gates; they are one terminal electrically.
• Confusing JFET with MOSFET, which uses an insulated gate (oxide) rather than a PN junction.

Final Answer:

2