Who uses isometric drawings? — common disciplines and applications Isometric drawings are often used by which professionals to illustrate complex designs clearly and compactly?

Introduction / Context:
Isometric drawings are a form of axonometric projection where three principal axes are equally inclined, allowing dimensions to be measured consistently along those axes. They are widely used across industries to convey 3D structure without the complexity of full perspective or the formality of multiple orthographic views.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Isometric drawings present 3D objects with parallel edges remaining parallel.
• They are quick to produce and easy to read for assemblies and routing.
• Disciplines include mechanical, aerospace, and piping/plant design.

Concept / Approach:
Mechanical engineers employ isometrics for assemblies, exploded views, and service manuals. Piping drafters use isometric piping drawings to show pipe runs, fittings, and supports with bill-of-materials clarity. Aerospace engineers use isometrics for subsystem layouts and maintenance instructions where clarity of routing and component relationships is crucial.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Review typical deliverables: piping isos, mechanical assembly sheets, and aerospace illustrated parts catalogs all rely on isometric views to communicate geometry effectively.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Each single discipline listed is correct but incomplete.
• “Only civil surveyors” is incorrect; while civil work may use axonometric views, isometric drawings are not limited to surveying and are ubiquitous in other fields.

Common Pitfalls:

• Assuming isometrics replace orthographic drawings. They supplement, not substitute, detailed dimensioned views in fabrication packages.

Final Answer:
all of the above