In India, Constitution Day is observed to commemorate the adoption of the Constitution on which date each year?

Introduction / Context:

This question focuses on an important national observance in India known as Constitution Day or Samvidhan Diwas. It commemorates the date on which the Constituent Assembly adopted the Constitution of India. Knowing this date is vital for civics, polity, and general knowledge sections of many examinations.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• The observance is called Constitution Day in India.
• It marks the adoption of the Constitution, not the date it came into effect.
• Several major national dates such as Republic Day and Independence Day appear among the options.
• We assume the learner remembers that the Constitution was adopted before it was brought into force.

Concept / Approach:

The key concept is the distinction between adoption and enforcement. The Constitution of India was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 26 November 1949 and came into effect on 26 January 1950, which is celebrated as Republic Day. Constitution Day, therefore, is observed on 26 November every year to remember the adoption date. The approach is to recognise this distinction and choose the correct date accordingly.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative Check:

For verification, recall that 26 January is already celebrated as Republic Day, linked with the enforcement of the Constitution and the declaration of India as a republic. Independence Day is on 15 August. There is no large national celebration on 23 June related to the Constitution. Official notifications and government speeches on Constitution Day clearly mention 26 November as the date of adoption of the Constitution by the Constituent Assembly.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

Option A, 26 January, corresponds to Republic Day, which marks the date when the Constitution came into effect, not when it was adopted.

Option C, 15 August, is Independence Day, associated with freedom from colonial rule rather than with the Constitution adoption event.

Option D, 23 June, does not have this association in Indian constitutional history and is therefore incorrect.

Option E, 9 December, is important historically as the date of the first meeting of the Constituent Assembly in 1946, but Constitution Day is not observed on this date.

Common Pitfalls:

Many candidates confuse Constitution Day with Republic Day and therefore mistakenly pick 26 January. Another pitfall is to think of 15 August because it is a highly familiar national date. To avoid such confusion, it is helpful to remember a simple rule: adoption on 26 November, enforcement on 26 January. This mental pair keeps both dates clear and distinct.

Final Answer:

Constitution Day in India is observed on 26 November every year.