Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives and click the button corresponding to it. According to the passage, phagocytosis is a process in which antigenic particles are what, before very often being digested by macrophages and polymorphs?

Introduction / Context:
This reading comprehension question focuses on a single word used in the immunology passage, namely phagocytosis. Although the term is technical, the passage itself defines it clearly. The task is to connect the description in the sentence with the appropriate word among the options. Such questions test careful reading and understanding of how a scientific process is explained in plain language, rather than deep prior knowledge of biology.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• The passage describes two key manifestations of antigen antibody immunity: lysis and phagocytosis.
• Lysis is defined as rapid physical rupture of antigenic cells with release of their contents.
• Phagocytosis is described as a process in which antigenic particles are engulfed by and often digested by macrophages and polymorphs.
• The question asks what happens to antigenic particles during phagocytosis.
• We assume that the correct answer must match the descriptive verb used in the passage, which is engulfed.

Concept / Approach:
The concept here is vocabulary in context. The passage already gives an easy to understand explanation by using the verb engulfed, which suggests that the cells take in or swallow the antigenic particles. To solve the question, we must recognize that engulfed carries this meaning and then look for the option that expresses that idea most faithfully. Options that talk about attacking from a distance, attracting magnetically, or releasing into the air do not fit the description.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Identify the exact sentence in the passage that mentions phagocytosis. Step 2: Note that the sentence states that phagocytosis is a process in which antigenic particles are engulfed by and very often digested by macrophages and polymorphs. Step 3: Recognize that the key action word is engulfed, which means taken into the cell. Step 4: Compare this wording with each answer option. Step 5: Option D states that antigenic particles are engulfed by macrophages and polymorphs inside the body, which clearly echoes the passage. Step 6: Option A, attacked from a distance by antibodies, focuses on antibodies, not on cells engulfing particles. Step 7: Option B, attracted magnetically, introduces a completely new idea not present in the text. Step 8: Option C, enveloped by external protein layers, does not mention ingestion of particles. Step 9: Option E, released harmlessly into the surrounding air, contradicts the notion of internal digestion. Step 10: Conclude that Option D is the correct answer.

Verification / Alternative check:
As an additional check, we can recall basic biology knowledge. Phagocytosis is widely defined as a process where certain cells, such as macrophages, ingest foreign particles or microbes. This matches the idea that they engulf and digest antigenic particles. Therefore Option D is consistent not only with the passage but also with standard scientific usage. All other options conflict with this understanding and so can be safely rejected.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Attacked from a distance by antibodies is incorrect because phagocytosis describes the action of cells, not antibodies acting at a distance. Attracted magnetically toward red blood cells is wrong as there is no mention of magnetism or red blood cells in the description. Enveloped by external protein layers suggests coating rather than ingestion, which does not match the idea of engulfing and digesting. Released harmlessly into the surrounding air is obviously inconsistent with a process that takes place inside the body and ends in digestion of particles.

Common Pitfalls:
Students may confuse phagocytosis with neutralization by antibodies or with lysis, leading them to select options that mention antibodies or rupture. Another pitfall is guessing based on the sound of the word rather than reading the sentence carefully. Because scientific terms can be intimidating, some learners may ignore the clear explanation already given in the text. Slowing down and matching the exact verb used in the passage with the answer choice is the best way to avoid these mistakes.

Final Answer:
The correct answer is Engulfed by macrophages and polymorphs inside the body.