On a typical Linux console (outside X11/Wayland), how do you switch among the multiple virtual consoles provided by the system?

Introduction / Context:
Linux systems provide multiple text-mode virtual consoles (tty1, tty2, …) accessible directly from the keyboard. Administrators often switch consoles for troubleshooting or to access a different login without disturbing a current session.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• We are using the Linux virtual terminals (not a graphical terminal emulator).
• We want to switch between tty consoles, commonly tty1–tty6.
• Default key bindings apply.

Concept / Approach:

By default, switching between VT consoles uses the Alt key combined with a function key: Alt+F1 for tty1, Alt+F2 for tty2, and so forth. From within a graphical session, distributions often map Ctrl+Alt+F1..F6 to switch between VTs, but at the raw console, Alt+Fn is the standard.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Check the active tty by running tty after switching. Review systemd’s getty units (e.g., systemctl status getty@tty2.service ) to confirm TTY availability.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Ctrl+Function Key: usually ineffective alone at the console.
• Ctrl+Alt+Del: triggers a reboot request (or is disabled), not VT switching.
• Alt+a+w+Function Key: not a standard binding.
• None: incorrect because Alt+Fn is correct.

Common Pitfalls:

• Confusing GUI hotkeys (Ctrl+Alt+Fn) with console hotkeys (Alt+Fn).
• Some distributions remap ttys; verify which F-keys are active.

Final Answer:

Alt+Function Key (for example, Alt+F1 through Alt+F6).