A, B, C and D have ₹ 40, 50, 60 and 70 respectively when they go to visit a fair. A spends ₹ 18, B spends ₹ 21, C spends ₹ 24 and D spends ₹ 27. Who has done the highest expenditure proportionate to his resources?

### Concept & Logic To find the highest expenditure proportionate to resources, we must calculate the ratio (or percentage) of the amount spent to the total initial amount for each person. The highest fraction represents the highest proportionate expenditure. $$ \text{Proportionate Expenditure} = \frac{\text{Amount Spent}}{\text{Total Resources}} $$ ### Step-by-Step Solution * **Given:** Resources: A = ₹ 40, B = ₹ 50, C = ₹ 60, D = ₹ 70 Expenditure: A = ₹ 18, B = ₹ 21, C = ₹ 24, D = ₹ 27 * **Calculation:** Let us determine the fraction of resources spent by each person: Person A: $ \frac{18}{40} = \frac{9}{20} = 45\% $ Person B: $ \frac{21}{50} = \frac{42}{100} = 42\% $ Person C: $ \frac{24}{60} = \frac{4}{10} = 40\% $ Person D: $ \frac{27}{70} \approx 38.57\% $ Comparing the percentages: 45% (A), 42% (B), 40% (C), and 38.57% (D). Person A has the highest percentage. ### Exam Strategy & Shortcut Instead of calculating exact percentages, convert the denominators to a common baseline or use fractional comparison techniques. Notice B is exactly $ \frac{42}{100} $ (42%). A is $ \frac{18}{40} $. If A had ₹ 50, proportionally they would have spent $ \frac{18}{4} \times 5 = 22.5 $, which is greater than B's 21. C is clearly $ \frac{4}{10} = 40\% $, which is less than A and B. For D, $ \frac{27}{70} $ is less than $ \frac{28}{70} $ (which is exactly 40%). Since D is less than 40%, and A is 45%, A is the clear winner without needing a calculator. ### Common Pitfall Students frequently confuse absolute expenditure with proportionate expenditure. Looking at the raw numbers, D spends the most (₹ 27). However, the question explicitly asks for the expenditure *proportionate to his resources*, meaning the percentage of their initial wallet size. ### Final Answer **Therefore, the correct answer is A.**