High-alumina refractories: identify the typical applications among the following industrial furnaces where these bricks are used.

Introduction / Context:High-alumina bricks combine good refractoriness, hot strength, and corrosion resistance for a range of severe services. The question checks recognition of common industrial uses across ironmaking, steelmaking, and glass sectors.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Service temperatures are high and atmospheres variable.
• Mechanical/thermal loads are significant (especially in roofs/crowns).
• Chemical exposure may include alkalis and slags.

Concept / Approach:In stove domes, EAF roofs, and parts of glass furnaces (e.g., superstructures, ports), high-alumina refractories are widely used thanks to their hot strength and better shock resistance than silica in cycling zones. Glass furnace tanks still use silica/AZS in many areas, but high-alumina is common in selected zones where its properties are advantageous.

Step-by-Step Solution:Match high-temperature roofs/crowns to high-alumina strengths.Account for thermal shock in EAF roofs and stove crowns.Include glass furnace zones where alumina is preferred.Choose “All (a), (b) and (c).”

Verification / Alternative check:Application charts from suppliers routinely list these installations for high-alumina products.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:Limiting to one application under-represents usage.Domestic fireplaces are not representative of heavy-duty alumina brick service.

Common Pitfalls:Assuming glass tanks use only silica; high-alumina is used in several auxiliary zones.

Final Answer:All (a), (b) and (c)