Milling of wheat: which equipment is typically used to grind wheat into flour in industrial practice?

Introduction / Context:
Flour milling relies on staged size reduction and sifting to release endosperm and control particle size. The canonical machine is the roller mill, which uses pairs of counter-rotating rolls. In many question banks this is loosely referred to as a “roller crusher.”

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Milling of tempered wheat kernels to produce flour and semolina.
• Terminology: options mention “roller crusher,” representing the roller-mill action.

Concept / Approach:
In roller milling, the first break rolls open the kernel; subsequent reduction rolls grind endosperm while plansifters classify the product. Hammer/impact mills produce too many fines and damage starch; jet mills are for ultra-fine chemical powders, not staple flour.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Match industry practice → multi-stage roller system.From the given options, “roller crusher” best corresponds to roller-mill technology.Select it as the correct choice.

Verification / Alternative check:
Modern flour mills universally use break and reduction rolls with controlled corrugations and speeds, confirming the selection.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Hammer/impact mills: excessive fines, heat, and starch damage for bread flour targets.Fluid energy mill: inappropriate energy-intensive micronization.

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing food-processing terminology with minerals terminology; in food, “roller mill” is standard.

Final Answer:
roller crusher