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Soil conservation measures in India: Identify the effective measures from the list. Options: (1) Avoiding crop rotation (2) Afforestation (3) Encouraging chemical fertilizers (4) Limiting shifting cultivation (jhum) Choose the correct combination(s).

Difficulty: Easy

(2) and (4) only
(1) and (2) only
(2) and (3) only
All of (1), (2), (3) and (4)

Correct Answer: (2) and (4) only

Explanation:

Logic

Afforestation (2) reduces erosion.
Limiting shifting cultivation (4) curbs repeated clearing/burning that accelerates erosion.
Avoiding crop rotation (1) is not helpful; rotation improves soil health.
Encouraging chemical fertilizers (3) is not a soil conservation measure per se and can degrade soils if overused.

Final Answer
(2) and (4) only.

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