Ancient India and Buddhist studies: Who was Fa-Hien (Faxian)? Early 5th-century traveler associated with Buddhist texts and pilgrimages in the Gupta period. Choose the most accurate description.

What is being asked?
The identity and role of Fa-Hien (also spelled Faxian).

Given data

• Timeframe: Early 5th century CE
• Context: Buddhist pilgrimages and texts

Concept/Approach
Recognize key historical travelers to India and their purposes.

Reasoning
1) Fa-Hien was a Chinese Buddhist monk.2) He traveled through India during the Gupta era to obtain Buddhist scriptures and observe monastic practices.3) His travelogue provides details on Buddhism and society in that period.

Common pitfalls
Confusing Fa-Hien with Megasthenes (the Greek ambassador) or with merchants/military figures.

Final Answer
A Chinese Buddhist monk and pilgrim who traveled to India to collect scriptures