Human Physiology (Endocrine System): What condition results from excessive secretion of growth hormone by the pituitary gland in children? Occurs before epiphyseal growth plate closure and causes abnormal increase in height and limb length. Choose the correct medical term.

What is being asked?
The condition caused by excessive growth hormone (GH) secretion from the anterior pituitary during childhood.

Given data

• Age: children (open epiphyseal plates)
• Hormone: Growth hormone (somatotropin)
• Source: Anterior pituitary

Concept/Approach
If GH excess occurs before epiphyseal closure, it produces excessive linear bone growth (height) → termed gigantism. If GH excess occurs after plate closure in adults, it causes acral/soft-tissue enlargement → acromegaly.

Step-by-step reasoning
1) Identify life stage: child → growth plates still open.2) GH stimulates IGF-1 → increased endochondral ossification at growth plates.3) Outcome: extraordinary height and proportional limb growth → definition of gigantism.

Verification/Alternative
Acromegaly (adult) shows enlarged hands/feet/jaw without tall stature; dwarfism and cretinism are due to hormone deficiency or hypothyroidism.

Common pitfalls

• Confusing gigantism (children) with acromegaly (adults).
• Assuming any pituitary excess always means acromegaly.

Final Answer
Gigantism