Biology (Genetics & Society): What does the field of eugenics study? Focus on heredity and proposed improvement of human populations through selective breeding or related measures. Choose the most accurate description.

What is being asked?
The definition of eugenics.

Given data

• Discipline intersects genetics and social policy.

Concept/Approach
Eugenics concerns theories and practices aimed at influencing the genetic composition of human populations via selection/sterilization/marriage laws (historically controversial and unethical).

Reasoning
Among the choices, only the option about hereditary improvement matches the core idea of eugenics.

Common pitfalls
Mixing up eugenics with e.g., microbiology or botany taxonomy.

Final Answer
The improvement of human hereditary traits and populations through controlled breeding principles