In molecular biology, what is the correct full form of the abbreviation RNA as used for one of the major types of nucleic acids?

Introduction / Context:
Nucleic acids are the molecules that store and transmit genetic information in living organisms. The two main types are DNA and RNA. Understanding the correct expansion of these abbreviations is a basic but important part of biology. This question checks whether you know the proper full form of RNA.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• RNA is one of the central molecules in the central dogma of molecular biology.
• The options offer several similar sounding expansions of the abbreviation.
• We assume standard nomenclature as used in textbooks.
• DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid, so RNA is related in naming.

Concept / Approach:
The correct full form of RNA is ribonucleic acid. The prefix ribo refers to the sugar component ribose, and nucleic acid reflects its presence in cell nuclei and its acidic properties. The other options change the middle word to nitric, nutrient, reverse, or nucleotide, which are not part of the accepted name. Therefore, the only scientifically correct expansion is ribonucleic acid.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Recall that DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid, where deoxyribo refers to deoxyribose sugar. Step 2: Understand that RNA is similar but contains ribose sugar instead of deoxyribose. Step 3: Therefore the correct name must include ribo and nucleic acid. Step 4: Compare the options and identify Ribonucleic Acid as matching this pattern exactly. Step 5: Notice that words like nitric, nutrient, reverse, and nucleotide do not appear in the accepted full form of RNA. Step 6: Conclude that Ribonucleic Acid is the correct full form.

Verification / Alternative check:
Every standard biology, genetics, or biochemistry textbook refers to RNA as ribonucleic acid. Research articles, molecular biology protocols, and educational diagrams also expand RNA in this way. There is no accepted variant that uses nitric, nutrient, or reverse in the full form, confirming that only ribonucleic acid is correct.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Ribonitric Acid is incorrect because nitric relates to nitrogen oxides, not the nucleic acid family. Ribonutrient Acid is incorrect because nutrient is not part of the structural description of RNA. Reverse Nucleic Acid is incorrect and may confuse students with terms like reverse transcriptase but is not the expansion of RNA. Ribonucleotide Acid is also incorrect because RNA consists of ribonucleotides, but the established term is ribonucleic acid, not ribonucleotide acid.

Common Pitfalls:
Students sometimes get distracted by similar sounding technical words and may choose options that look scientific even though they are not standard names. It is important to remember that the pattern for DNA and RNA is deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid respectively. Keeping this pair in mind helps avoid errors in multiple choice questions.

Final Answer:
The correct full form of RNA is Ribonucleic Acid.