Forehand gas welding — recommended filler rod angle In oxy–acetylene forehand (leftward) welding, what approximate angle should the filler rod make with the work surface for effective deposition and puddle control?

Introduction / Context:
Torch and filler rod angles strongly influence heat distribution, puddle protection, and bead shape in oxy–acetylene welding. Forehand technique favors broader preheat of the joint ahead of the puddle, especially useful on thin materials.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Technique: forehand (leftward) welding.
• Neutral flame unless otherwise specified.
• Objective: choose a practical filler rod angle for steady feeding.

Concept / Approach:
Typical practice sets the torch at approximately 40°–50° to the work and the filler rod at a slightly lower angle to allow easy dipping and shielding of the molten pool. Keeping the rod at about 30°–40° helps preheat the rod tip, minimizes disturbance of the puddle, and ensures proper wetting of the edges.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Training guides for gas welding specify rod angles near 30°–40° for forehand, with slight variations by joint type and thickness.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Angles above 50° obstruct the view and disturb the pool.
• Very small angles (10°–20°) starve the puddle and lead to dragging the rod.
• 40°–50° is more typical of the torch angle, not the rod angle in many curricula.

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing torch and rod angles; pushing the rod too vertically, which splashes metal and oxidizes the tip.

Final Answer: