Fillet weld orientation: A fillet weld whose longitudinal axis is parallel to the direction of the applied load is referred to as which type of fillet weld?

Introduction / Context:
Correct terminology for weld orientation is essential in steel detailing and quality control. In lap joints and cover-plate connections, fillet welds can be arranged either parallel or perpendicular to the line of action. Their names reflect this orientation and help designers compute the correct throat lengths and capacities.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• A fillet weld is loaded by a force acting in a known direction.
• The weld’s longitudinal axis is parallel to this load direction.
• Standard structural steel terminology is used.

Concept / Approach:
In common steelwork language: side fillet welds run alongside the load path, so their axes are parallel to the direction of the applied force. End fillet welds are located across the ends of a lap or plate, so their axes are perpendicular to the load. “Diagonal” is not a standard orientation term in basic detailing specifications for this simple case.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Identify load direction in the joint.Determine weld orientation relative to load: here, axes are parallel to load.Name for parallel orientation: side fillet weld.

Verification / Alternative check:
Most handbooks and code commentaries illustrate lap joints with longitudinal (side) fillets and transverse (end) fillets. Parallel-to-load welds are consistently labeled as side fillets in these references.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• End fillet weld: axis perpendicular to the load in a typical lap joint layout.
• Diagonal fillet weld: not a standard naming convention for basic parallel orientation.
• All the above: mutually contradictory options cannot all be correct.

Common Pitfalls:

• Mixing up “end” and “side” when both types are present in the same connection.
• Forgetting that weld design strength depends on orientation due to directional components of shear.

Final Answer:
side fillet weld