In this reasoning question, two statements are given about men, education and family size. Treat both statements as true and decide which of the conclusions, if any, logically follow: Statements: (I) Some men are educated. (II) Educated persons prefer small families. Conclusions: (I) All families are educated. (II) Some men prefer small families.

Introduction / Context:
This question links the concepts of education and preference for small families. Using two simple statements, you must decide whether either conclusion about education of all families or the preferences of some men can be logically derived. This is a common pattern in syllogism and analytical reasoning sections of exams.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Statement I: Some men are educated.
• Statement II: Educated persons prefer small families.
• Conclusion I: All families are educated.
• Conclusion II: Some men prefer small families.
• Some means at least one; all indicates universal inclusion.

Concept / Approach:
Some men are educated means that the intersection between men and educated persons is non empty. Educated persons prefer small families means that every educated person belongs to the set of people who prefer small families. From these, we can find out if there must exist at least one man who prefers a small family. At the same time, we must check whether we can make any statement about all families being educated people, which appears much stronger and less directly connected.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: From statement I, choose at least one man, call him M, who is educated. Step 2: Statement II says that every educated person prefers small families. Since M is educated, M prefers small families. Step 3: Therefore there exists at least one man who prefers small families. This means some men prefer small families, which matches conclusion II. Step 4: Now examine conclusion I, all families are educated. The given statements say that educated persons prefer small families, not that every small family belongs to an educated person, or that all family members are educated. Step 5: The statements do not even mention the education level of all people, or whether families without educated members exist. So we cannot claim that all families are educated. Step 6: Therefore conclusion I does not follow from the statements.

Verification / Alternative check:
Construct an example. Let men be {m1, m2}, educated persons be {m1, e1}, and the set of people who prefer small families be {m1, e1, p1}. Then some men (m1) are educated, and all educated persons (m1 and e1) prefer small families. Thus some men (m1) prefer small families, so conclusion II holds. At the same time, there could be many families with uneducated members, such as p1 and others not in the educated set. So it is clearly false to say that all families are educated, and conclusion I fails.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Option A chooses conclusion I, which is not supported. Option C says neither conclusion follows, ignoring the direct chain from some men are educated to some men prefer small families. Option D claims both follow, which is incorrect because conclusion I does not. Option E suggests that exactly one of them must follow without specifying which; the exam expects you to identify conclusion II explicitly as the valid one.

Common Pitfalls:
A common error is to misread educated persons prefer small families as small families are always formed by educated persons, which reverses the direction of implication. Another pitfall is to overlook the word some, which guarantees existence of at least one educated man and therefore at least one man with the stated preference.

Final Answer:
The logically correct evaluation is that only conclusion II follows from the given statements.