Earth system layers — order from the inner layer outward 1. Hydrosphere 2. Atmosphere 3. Biosphere 4. Lithosphere

Introduction / Context:
This sequencing item checks conceptual understanding of the spatial arrangement of major Earth spheres. The key is to visualize how these layers stack and interact from Earth’s solid surface outward.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Lithosphere: rigid outer shell of Earth (crust + uppermost mantle).
• Hydrosphere: water in liquid/solid form at/near the surface.
• Biosphere: life zones spanning land, water, and air interfaces.
• Atmosphere: envelope of gases surrounding Earth.

Concept / Approach:
Start at the solid base and move outward. The lithosphere underlies much of the hydrosphere; the biosphere is distributed across litho/hydro/atmo interfaces but sits conceptually above the physical substrates; the atmosphere extends outward above all.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Inner baseline: Lithosphere (4).Overlying fluids: Hydrosphere (1).Life zone layer: Biosphere (3).Outermost gaseous shell: Atmosphere (2).

Verification / Alternative check:
Cross-check with standard geography/earth-science textbooks where lithosphere is foundational, hydrosphere overlays, biosphere spans interfaces, and atmosphere surrounds all.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Options beginning with 2 or 3 misconstrue the fundamental physical base.

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing conceptual spread of the biosphere with an entire “layer” placed above atmosphere.

Final Answer:
4, 1, 3, 2