Durability of building stones in structures is influenced by which factors? (Consider mineral chemistry, texture/fabric, weather resistance, and location/use in the structure.)

Introduction / Context:
Stone selection affects long-term performance of facades, copings, steps, and structural masonry. Durability is a combined outcome of mineralogy, texture, exposure conditions, and detailing. The question addresses which of these parameters matter in practice (answer: all of them).

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Chemical composition governs susceptibility to dissolution, oxidation, or sulphation.
• Texture (grain size, porosity, bedding) affects water movement and freeze–thaw behavior.
• Atmospheric exposure dictates wetting–drying, salts, and pollutants.
• Placement in the structure changes stress and weathering risk.

Concept / Approach:
Durability is multi-factorial. Even an inherently strong stone can fail if placed with bedding unfavorably or used in an aggressive environment. Good specifications consider both material properties and the service environment, including detail design (drips, falls, sealants).

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Conservation guidelines emphasize matching stone type and orientation to exposure, and selecting low-porosity, chemically compatible stones for severe environments.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Any single-factor choice is incomplete; durability depends on the ensemble of properties and context.

Common Pitfalls:
Ignoring bedding orientation; choosing stone by appearance only; neglecting salt crystallization risks at splash zones.

Final Answer:
All of the above