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  • Question
  • For laminar flow of Newtonian fluid through a smooth round pipe, the ratio of average fluid velocity to the maximum velocity is


  • Options
  • A. 0.5
  • B. 0.75
  • C. 0.87
  • D. 0.37

  • Correct Answer
  • 0.5 


  • Sterilization problems


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    • 1. The destruction of microorganisms by steam may be described as

    • Options
    • A. first order chemical reaction
    • B. zero order chemical reaction
    • C. second order chemical reaction
    • D. none of these
    • Discuss
    • 2. The heat conduction in dry air is

    • Options
    • A. less rapid than in steam
    • B. more rapid than in steam
    • C. similar to steam
    • D. none of these
    • Discuss
    • 3. The efficiency of fibrous filter by combined mechanism is given by(where ?imp,?int,?dif are the efficiencies by impaction, interception and diffusion respectively)

    • Options
    • A. 1 - ?imp?int?dif
    • B. 1 - (1 - ?imp)(1 - ?int)( 1 - ?dif)
    • C. 1 - ( ?imp?int/?dif)
    • D. None of the above
    • Discuss
    • 4. The collection efficiency by impaction increases with

    • Options
    • A. increasing particle diameter
    • B. increasing air flow velocity
    • C. both (a) and (b)
    • D. increasing particle size
    • Discuss
    • 5. The value of K

    • Options
    • A. increases with increase in air velocity
    • B. decreases with increase in air velocity
    • C. increases to an optimum with increase in air velocity and decreases on further increase of air velocity
    • D. none of these
    • Discuss
    • 6. Sterilization can be carried out by

    • Options
    • A. heat
    • B. radiation
    • C. chemical agents
    • D. all of these
    • Discuss
    • 7. The highest temperature which appears to be feasible for batch sterilization is

    • Options
    • A. 121°C
    • B. 100°C
    • C. 105°C
    • D. 130°C
    • Discuss
    • 8. The X90 value for a filtration system is

    • Options
    • A. the time required to reduce microbial population by 90%
    • B. the time required to traverse survivor curve by one log cycle.
    • C. the depth required to reduce population by 90%
    • D. the depth of the filter required to reduce population by 99%
    • Discuss
    • 9. In sterilization process, spore of which of the following organism is considered as control?

    • Options
    • A. Bacillus subtilis
    • B. Clostridium botulinum
    • C. Bacillus stearothermophilus
    • D. Aspergillus niger
    • Discuss
    • 10. The collection efficiency by diffusion increases with

    • Options
    • A. decreasing particle size
    • B. decreasing air velocity
    • C. both (a) and (b)
    • D. increasing particle size
    • Discuss


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